George Washington

Sɣur Omar Mouffok (Tiseknudrin n Wudmawen Imeqqranen deg Umezruy s Tutlayt Tamaziɣt)

George Washington ilul ass n 22 Fuṛaṛ 1732 deg ukunti n Westmoreland (Virginia) – yemmut ass n 14 Dujembeṛ 1799 deg Mount Vernon (Virginia). D amenzaḍ-aɣella (commandant-en-chef) n Tegrawla Tamatikanit (gar 1775 d 1883) yernu d netta ay d aselway amezwaru n Yiwanaken Yeddukklen (gar 1789 d 1797). Washington ilul-d deg yiwet n twacult d tanesbaɣurt (riche) yernu yezrew deg uxxam. Deg 1752, yewṛet-d ayla n gma-s deg Mount Vernon, yernu ddan-d deg wayla-a 18 n waklan. Deg 1760, yeqqel yesɛa 49 n waklan, ula ma netta, deg tidet, ur yelli ara yebɣa ad tkemmel tsaklit (esclavage). Deg Umgaru n 7 n Yiseggasen (ay tennuɣ Briṭanya Tameqqrant mgal Fṛansa deg Temrikt n Ugafa), Washington, yellan imir-nni d afesyan n tredsa tabriṭanit, uznen-t ɣer Ohio. Deffir ma yettwenɣ Edward Braddock, yeqqel George Washington d amenzaḍ (commandant) n wakk iɣallen ibriṭaniyen n Virginia. Gar 1755 d 1758, wekklen-t akken ad yemzeɣ (défendre) talast tutrimt (occidentale) n tehras (colonies) tibriṭaniyin deg Temrikt n Ugafa. Deg 1759, yettaxer George Washington seg tredsa akken ad yesseddu ayla-nnes, yernu yuɣ Martha Dandridge Curstis (1731-1802) yellan teǧǧel ya kan. Yella d amaslaḍ deg Texxamt n Yiburjwaziyen n Virginia gar 1759 d 1774, yernu deg tallit-nnes, din, iwet ɣef yizerfan n yimharsen (colons). Yella daɣ d amaslaḍ deg Usmanay Amenẓawan (Congrès continental) gar 1774 d 1775 yellan d anabaḍ amarikani amezwaru deg tallit aydeg tihras (colonies) timarikaniyin llant ttnaɣent ɣef uzarug n Yiwanaken Yeddukklen. Deg 1775, d netta ay yettwafernen akken ad yili d amenzaḍ n Tredsa Tamenẓawant (Armée continentale) asmi ay tebda Tegrawla Tamatikanit. Deg umgaru-a (guerre) ay d-yellan gar tehras timarikaniyin d tredsa (armée) tabriṭanit, Washington yelfa-d d amenzaḍ igerrzen, ula ma yettwarna acḥal d tikkelt. Asmi ay ttwarnan Yibriṭaniyen s tuṭṭfa n temdint n Yorktown (deg 1781), yettaxer George Washington seg unsa-nnes (poste) yernu yeqqel ɣer Mount Vernon deg 1783. Deg Temyaqqant Tamenḍawant (Convention constitutionnelle de Philadelphie) n 1787, yettwafren d aselway n temlilit-a ay d-yellan i umciweṛ ɣef wamek ara yili unabaḍ amaynu n Yiwanaken Yeddukklen. D netta daɣ ay yesqenɛen imḍebbren n Virginia akken ad zemlen (signer) tamenḍawt n Yiwanaken Yeddukklen. Asmi ay mlalen yiferranen (électeurs) n Virginia akken ad fernen aselway amezwaru n Yiwanaken Yeddukklen deg 1789, Washington yettwafren s unemzel (unanimité). George Washington iga-d adiwan (cabinet) aydeg yurem ad yeg amnekni (équilibre) gar yingiyen (courants) yemgerraden n tsertit tamarikanit, d acu kan, yella daɣ yebɣa ad tesɛu tmurt anabaḍ alemmas ijehden. Mi yettwafren d aselway tikkelt tis snat, yeṭṭef talemmast gar sin n yidisan isertanen yellan ttemjadalen gar-asen deg udabu amarikani. Sin-a n yidisan qqlen, sakkin, d Akabari Amẓerfidiṛali d Ukabar Amegdu. Deg umgaru ay d-yellan gar Briṭanya Tameqqrant d Fṛansa deg 1793, Washington ur igir ara iman-nnes. D acu kan, deg Uɣewwiɣ (rébellion) n Uwiski ay d-yellan deg Yiwanaken Yeddukklen, yuzen George Washintgon, deg 1794, taredsa (armée) akken ad t-meḥqen. Yugi George Washington ad d-yessers iman-nnes i tselwit i tikkelt tis 3 yernu yewwi tastaɣt (retraite) deg 1797, deffir ma yeɣra-d « Inaw-nnes n Usifeḍ ». George Washington yettwassen, deg Yiwanaken Yeddukklen, s yisem n « Baba-s n Tmurt » yernu ttwalin-t medden, deg umaḍal akk, d yiwen seg wudmawen imeqqranen akk n umezruy amarikani.

Sɣur Omar Mouffok (Tiseknudrin n Wudmawen Imeqqranen deg Umezruy s Tutlayt Tamaziɣt)
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